Analysis of risk factors for depth of invasion and angiolymphatic invasion for circumferential superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous lesion / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To analyze clinicopathological features of circumferential superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous lesions and investigate the risk factors for deep submucosal invasion and angiolymphatic invasion retrospectively. Methods: A total of 116 cases of esophageal squamous epithelial high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia or squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed by gastroscopy, biopsy pathology and endoscopic resection pathology during November 2013 to October 2021 were collected, and their clinicopathological features were analyzed. The independent risk factors of deep submucosal invasion and angiolymphatic invasion were analyzed by logistic regression model. Results: The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that drinking history (OR=3.090, 95% CI: 1.165-8.200; P<0.05), The AB type of intrapapillary capillary loop (IPCL) (OR=11.215, 95% CI: 3.955-31.797; P<0.05) were the independent risk factors for the depth of invasion. The smoking history (OR=5.824, 95% CI: 1.704-19.899; P<0.05), the presence of avascular area (AVA) (OR=3.393, 95% CI: 1.285-12.072; P<0.05) were the independent factors for the angiolymphatic invasion. Conclusions: The risk of deep submucosal infiltration is greater for circumferential superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with drinking history and IPCL type B2-B3 observed by magnifying endoscopy, while the risk of angiolymphatic invasion should be vigilant for circumferential superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with smoking history and the presence of AVA observed by magnifying endoscopy. Ultrasound endoscopy combined with narrowband imagingand magnification endoscopy can improve the accuracy of preoperative assessment of the depth of infiltration of superficial squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous lesions and angiolymphaticinvasion in the whole perimeter of the esophagus, and help endoscopists to reasonably grasp the indications for endoscopic treatment.

Clinical features and management of women with borderline ovarian tumors in a single center in Brazil / Características clínicas e manejo de mulheres com tumores borderline de ovário em um hospital no Brasil

Abstract Objective The aim of the present study was to describe and analyze data of 57 women with borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) regarding histological characteristics, clinical features and treatment management at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp, in the Portuguese acronym). Methods The present retrospective study analyzed data obtained from clinical and histopathological reports of women with BOTs treated in a single cancer center between 2010 and 2018. Results A total of 57 women were included, with a mean age of 48.42 years old (15.43- 80.77), of which 30 (52.63%) were postmenopausal, and 18 (31.58%) were < 40 years old. All of the women underwent surgery. A total of 37 women (64.91%) were submitted to complete surgical staging for BOT, and none (0/57) were submitted to pelvic or paraortic lymphadenectomy. Chemotherapy was administered for two patients who recurred. The final histological diagnoses were: serous in 20 (35.09%) cases, mucinous in 26 (45.61%), seromucinous in 10 (17.54%), and endometrioid in 1 (1.75%) case. Intraoperative analyses of frozen sections were obtained in 42 (73.68%) women, of which 28 (66.67%) matched with the final diagnosis. The mean follow-up was of 42.79 months (range: 2.03-104.87 months). Regard ingthe current status of the women, 45(78.95%) are alive without disease, 2(3.51%) arealive with disease, 9 (15.79%) had their last follow-up visit > 1 year beforethe performanceof the present study but arealive, and 1 patient(1.75%) died of another cause. Conclusion Women in the present study were treated according to the current guidelines and only two patients recurred.

Resumo Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever uma série de 57 mulheres com tumores borderline de ovário (TBO) em relação às características histológicas, clínicas, e ao manejo do tratamento realizado no Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). Métodos O presente estudo retrospectivo analisou dados obtidos dos registros clínicos e histopatológicos de mulheres com TBO tratadas em um único centro oncológico de 2010 a 2018. Resultados Um total de 57 mulheres foram incluídas, com uma média de idade de 48,42 anos (15,43-80,77), das quais 30 (52,63%) eram menopausadas, e 18 (31,58%) tinham < 40 anos. Todas as mulheres foram operadas. Um total de 37 mulheres (64,91%) foram submetidas a cirurgia de estadiamento completo para TBO, e nenhuma foi submetida a linfadenectomia pélvica ou paraórtica. O tratamento com quimioterapia foi administrado em duas pacientes que recidivaram. Os diagnósticos histológicos finais foram: seroso em 20 mulheres (35,09%), mucinoso em 26 (45,61%), seromucinoso em 10 (17,54%) e endometrióide em 1 (1,75%). A avaliação histológica intraoperatória foi realizada em 42 (73,68%) das mulheres, das quais 28 (66,67%) foram compatíveis com os diagnósticos finais. O tempo médio de seguimento foi de 42,79 meses (variando de 2,03 a 104,87 meses). Em relação ao status atual das mulheres, 45 (78.95%) estão vivas sem doença, 2 (3,51%) estão vivas com doença, 9 (15.79%) tiveram a última consulta de seguimento há > 1 ano antes da realização do presente estudo, mas estão vivas, e 1 paciente faleceu por outra causa. Conclusão As mulheres do presente estudo foram tratadas de acordo com as recomendações atuais e apenas duas mulheres apresentaram recorrência.

Ablación de las neoplasias intraepiteliales escamosas anales de alto grado, precursoras del cáncer anal, con coagulación infrarroja / Ablation of high-grade anal squamous intraepithelial neoplasms, anal cancer precursors, with infrared coagulation

Introducción: Las neoplasias intraepiteliales anales de alto grado (AIN-AG) sin tratamiento progresan a carcinoma anal escamoso invasor (CAE) en 8-13% de los casos. Esto disminuye al 1,2% con la ablación dirigida por anoscopía de alta resolución (AAR). El tratamiento ideal de la AIN-AG no está establecido. Goldstone, en 2005 introdujo el coagulador infrarrojo (CIR) para la ablación de estas lesiones y demostró que tiene tanta efectividad como la cirugía, aunque menor morbilidad y la ventaja de no requerir quirófano. No hemos encontrado publicaciones con esta técnica en nuestro medio. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar los resultados de la ablación de las AIN-AG con CIR, las complicaciones del método y la recurrencia temprana. Diseño: Observacional, retrospectivo, con base de datos prospectiva. Pacientes y Método: Se incluyeron individuos con AIN-AG en conducto anal y/o región perianal diagnosticadas en el Consultorio de Detección Temprana de Displasia Anal del Hospital Juan A. Fernández mediante biopsia dirigida por AAR y tratadas con CIR con el aparato Redfield®, entre marzo 2013-agosto 2014 previo consentimiento informado escrito. Tras infiltración con anestesia local las lesiones fueron coaguladas con repetidos pulsos de 1,5 segundos hasta visualizar los vasos de la submucosa. Se controló entre los 3 y 6 meses con AAR y biopsia de lesiones sospechosas. Resultados: Fueron 14 pacientes (10 hombres que tienen sexo con hombres, todos VIH-positivos y 4 mujeres, 2 VIH-positivas). Edad mediana: 37,5 (rango 20-59) años. La AIN-AG se localizaba en el conducto anal en 11 pacientes y en la región perianal en 3. En la AAR diagnóstica todos presentaban sólo un área de AIN-AG. El procedimiento fue bien tolerado. Una paciente VIH-positiva presentó secreción purulenta a los tres días de la ablación, que se trató con antibióticos. Esta paciente y otro más tuvieron dolor post-procedimiento manejado con anti-inflamatorios no esteroides. En la AAR de control se hallaron 2 (14,3%) recurrencias, una interpretada como persistencia por margen insuficiente de una lesión extendida y otra diagnosticada al momento de realizar CIR, que no había sido observada en la AAR realizada 1 mes antes. La eficacia por lesión individual tratada fue del 92,9%. Conclusiones: El tratamiento de las AIN-AG en el consultorio mediante CIR es bien tolerado, tiene mínimas complicaciones y resulta efectivo en el corto plazo. Es necesario un seguimiento más prolongado para evaluar la tasa de recidiva y la utilidad para prevenir la progresión al CAE. (AU)

Background: High-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (HGAIN) without treatment progresses to invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in 8-13% of cases, and that incidence decreases to 1,2% with ablation targeted with high resolution anoscopy (HRA). The ideal treatment for HGAIN is not established yet. Goldstone, in 2005 introduced the infrared coagulator (IRC) for the ablation of these lesions, and with great experience demonstrated that it is as effective as surgery but has less morbidity and the advantage of not requiring the operating room. To our knowledge there are not publications with this technique in our country. The aim of this study is to assess the results of HGAIN ablation with CIR, the method complications, and early recurrence. Design: Observational, retrospective study, with prospective database. Patients and Methods: Individuals with HGAIN in the anal canal or the perianal region, diagnosed with biopsy targeted with HRA and treated with the IRC in the Anal Dysplasia Clinic of the Hospital Juan A. Fernández, between March 2013 and August 2014, were included. After written informed consent, HRA was repeated in the outpatient clinic to localize the area to be treated with the IRC Redfield®. After local anesthesia the lesions were coagulated with repeated 1.5 seconds pulses until the submucosa vessels were visualized. Control with HRA and biopsy of suspicious lesions was performed between 3-6 months of the procedure. Results: Fourteen patients (10 men who have sex with men, all HIV-positive, and 4 women, 2 HIV-positive). Median age: 37.5 (range 20-59) years. The HGAIN was localized at the anal canal in 11 patients, and in the perianal region in 3. In the diagnostic HRA all patients presented only one area of HGAIN. The procedure was well tolerated. Only one HIV-positive woman presented purulent discharge 3 days after ablation, and was treated with antibiotics. The latter and another patient had post-procedure pain, managed with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In the control HRA, 2 (14,3%) recurrences were found, 1 was interpreted as persistency due to insufficient margin of a extended lesion, and 1 diagnosed during the CIR of other lesion, that had went unaware at the initial HRA performed one month before. The efficacy for individual lesion treated was 92.9%. Conclusions: The treatment of HGAIN with IRC in the outpatient department is well tolerated, has minimal complications, and is effective in the short term. It is necessary a longer surveillance to assess the recurrence rate and the usefulness for preventing progression to SCC. (AU)

Epidemiological aspects of endoscopic resections of colorectal polyps in patients at an endoscopy training center in the Santos region, Brasil / Aspectos epidemiológicos de las resecciones endoscópicas de los pólipos colo-rectales en un centro de entrenamiento de endoscopía en la región de Santos, Brasil

Introduction: Colorectal polyps are structures that project from the surface of the mucosal layer of the large intestine. They are classified as neoplastic or non-neoplastic. Early detection of pre-neoplastic lesions is important for preventing colorectal cancer. These can be resected so as to decrease the morbidity and mortality rates. Colonoscopy is the gold-standard procedure for diagnosing and resecting precursor lesions. Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological, endoscopic and histological aspects of endoscopic resection of lesions of the colon and rectum at a training center. Materials and method: A search was conducted in the database of our institution covering the period from January 2011 to July 2014. Cases that underwent endoscopic resection of polyps and/or colorectal lesions were selection. The following variables were defined: general data on the patients (age, gender and indication from the examination) and data on the polypoid lesion (number, histological type and topographic distribution). Results: 678 lesions were identified in 456 examinations. Regarding sex, 242 (53.1%) were female and 214 (46.9%) were male. The mean age was 64.54 years, with extremes of 5 and 94 years. The most frequent locations were the rectum (21%) and sigmoid (20%). Histologically, 34.7% were hyperplastic polyps and 58.9% were adenomatous polyps, of which 74.1% were tubular, 10.6% tubulovillous, 2% villous and 13% indeterminate; and 1.7% were adenocarcinomas. In 65.4% of the cases, the examination showed that only one polyps was present, while 34.6% had two or more lesions. Conclusion: In our clinic, with a mean of 250 examinations/month, the parameters evaluated were compatible with the results reported in the literature.

Introducción: Los pólipos colorrectales son estructuras que se proyectan en la superficie de la capa mucosa del intestino grueso. Son clasificados en neoplásicos y no neoplásicos. La detección precoz de lesiones preneoplásicas es relevante en la prevención del cáncer colorrectal. Pueden ser resecados y reducir los índices de morbimortalidad. La colonoscopia es el patrón de oro para el diagnóstico y resección de lesiones precursoras. Objetivo: Evaluar aspectos epidemiológicos, endoscópicos e histológicos relacionados a las resecciones endoscópicas de lesiones de colon y recto en un centro de entrenamiento. Matariales y métodos: Fue realizada una búsqueda en la base de datos de nuestra institución durante el período de enero de 2011 a julio de 2014. Se seleccionaron aquellos sometidos a las resecciones endoscópicas de pólipos y/o lesiones colorrectales. Las siguientes variables fueron definidas: datos generales de los pacientes (edad género e indicación del examen) y datos de la lesión polipoidea (número, tipo histológico, distribución topográfica). Resultados: Fueron identificadas 678 lesiones en 456 exámenes. Con relación al sexo, 242 (53,1 %) eran del género femenino y 214 (46,9 %) masculino. El promedio de edad fue de 64,54 años, con extremos de 5 y 94 años. La ubicación más frecuente fue en el recto (21 %) y sigmoide (20 %). Histológicamente, 34,7% eran pólipos hiperplásicos y 58,9% adenomatosos, siendo 74,1% tubulares, 10,6% tubulovellosos, 2% vellosos y 13% indeterminados y, 1,7% correspondieron a adenocarcinomas. En el 65,4% de los casos existía solamente un pólipo al hacer el examen, 34,6% presentaban dos o más lesiones. Conclusión: En nuestro trabajo, con un promedio de 250 exámenes/mes, los parámetros evaluados fueron compatibles a los resultados encontrados en la literatura.

Seguridad de la resección con asa fría de lesiones colorrectales no polipoideas (0-IIa y 0-IIb) de hasta 20 mm / [Safety and efficacy of cold snare resection of non-polypoid colorectal lesions (0-IIa and 0-IIb)].

BACKGROUND: Cold polypectomy is a widely used technique for removing small polyps. Little evidence is available regarding its use for removing non-polypoid colorectal lesions (NPCRL). OBJECTIVE: The main aim of this study was to assess the safety of cold snare resection of NPCRL up to 20 mm. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study carried out from January 2009 to January 2012. Consecutive patients scheduled for colonoscopy who had at least one NPCRL were recruited. Patients undergoing antiaggregation or anticoagulation treatment were excluded. NPCRL of up to 20 mm were removed by means of a cold snare, with or without piecemeal technique. To evaluate the safety of the procedure, the measured outcomes were bleeding and perforation rates. Statistical measures as percentages with their respective confidence intervals of 95

were estimated and the level of significance was set at alpha = 0.03. The calculated interval was unilateral, because the experimental rate was 0

, and was built based on the binomial distribution. Statistix (SX9.0) was used. RESULTS: A total of 171 NPCRL were removed from 124 patients. The mean size of the lesions was 9.22 +/- 4.7 mm (range: 4 to 20 mm). The mean age of patients was 55 +/- 11 years (range: 25 to 81 years) and 56

of them were women. No immediate or delayed complications were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: Cold snare resection could be used to remove LNPCR (0-IIa and 0-IIb) measuring up to 20 mm, without immediate or delayed complications.

p53 and Ki-67 in Barrett's carcinoma: is there any value to predict recurrence after circumferential endoscopic mucosal resection? / p53 e Ki-67 no carcinoma do esôfago de Barrett: algum valor na predição da recurrência após mucosectomia endoscópica circunferencial?

BACKGROUND: There are situations in which the specimens obtained after endoscopic mucosal resection of superficial adenocarcinoma arising from Barrett's esophagus are not adequate for histopathological assessment of the margins. In these cases, immunohistochemistry might be an useful tool for predicting cancer recurrence. AIM: To evaluate the value of p53 and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry in predicting the cancer recurrence in patients with Barrett's esophagus-related cancer referred to circumferential endoscopic mucosal resection. METHODS: Mucosectomy specimens from 41 patients were analyzed. All endoscopic biopsies prior to endoscopic mucosal resection presented high-grade dysplasia and cancer was detected in 23 of them. Positive reactions were considered the intense coloration in the nuclei of at least 90 percent of the cells in each high-power magnification field, and immunostaining could be classified as superficial or diffuse according to the mucosal distribution of the stained nuclei. RESULTS: Endoscopic mucosal resection samples detected cancer in 21 cases. In these cases, p53 immunohistochemistry revealed a diffuse positivity for the great majority of these cancers (90.5 percent vs. 20 percent), and Ki-67 showed a diffuse pattern for all cases (100 percent vs. 30 percent); conversely, patients without cancer revealed a superficial or negative pattern for p53 (80 percent vs. 9.5 percent) and Ki-67 (70 percent vs. 0 percent). During a mean follow-up of 31.6 months, 5 (12.2 percent) patients developed six episodes of recurrent cancer. Endoscopic mucosal resection specimens did not show any significant difference in the p53 and Ki-67 expression for patients developing cancer after endoscopic treatment. CONCLUSIONS: p53 and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry were useful to confirm the cancer; however, they had not value for predicting the recurrent carcinoma after circumferential endoscopic mucosal resection of Barrett's carcinoma.

RACIONAL: Há situações nas quais o material obtido após mucosectomia endoscópica do adenocarcinoma superficial do esôfago de Barrett é inadequado para avaliação histopatológica de suas margens. Nesses casos, a imunoistoquímica poderia ser de auxílio para predição da recurrência tumoral. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o valor da detecção imunoistoquímica da p53 e do Ki-67 na predição da recurrência tumoral após mucosectomia endoscópica circunferencial do câncer no esôfago de Barrett. MÉTODOS: Foi analisado o material proveniente de mucosectomias de 41 pacientes. Todas as biopsias endoscópicas pré-mucosectomia apresentavam displasia de alto grau e câncer foi detectado em 23 casos. A imunorreatividade foi definida pela coloração de, pelo menos, 90 por cento dos núcleos em cada campo de grande aumento, podendo ser classificada como superficial ou difusa, conforme a distribuição celular dos núcleos corados. RESULTADOS: A mucosectomia detectou o câncer em 21 casos. Nesses casos, a p53 revelou padrão difuso de positividade para a maioria dos casos (90,5 por cento vs. 20 por cento) e o Ki-67 demonstrou padrão difuso para todos os portadores de câncer (100 por cento vs. 30 por cento). Por sua vez, pacientes sem câncer revelaram padrão negativo ou apenas superficial para a p53 (80 por cento vs. 9,5 por cento) e para o Ki-67 (70 por cento vs. 0 por cento). Durante seguimento médio de 31,6 meses, cinco (12,2 por cento) pacientes apresentaram seis episódios de câncer recurrente. Neste grupo, os fragmentos de mucosectomia não demonstraram nenhuma diferença significativa na expressão imunoistoquímica da p53 e do Ki-67 nos pacientes desenvolvendo câncer após o tratamento endoscópico. CONCLUSÕES: A imunoistoquímica da p53 e do Ki-67 é útil na confirmação do câncer; contudo não demonstra nenhum valor na predição da recurrência tumoral após mucosectomia endoscópica circunferencial do esôfago de Barrett com adenocarcinoma.

Histopathological study of precancerous epithelial lesions of esophagus

Barrett's esophagus is premalignant for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction. In 1998, the American College of Gastroenterology defined Barrett's esophagus as a change in the esophageal epithelium of any length that can be recognized at endoscopy and is confirmed to have intestinal metaplasia by biopsy of the esophagus. Metaplasia is followed by a series of histopathological changes, namely dysplasia, carcinoma in situ and finally leading to the development of adenocarcinoma. Dysplastic squamous epithelium is frequently found adjacent to the cancer and prospective follow up studies, particularly in areas of high incidence, have documented the progression of dysplasia to carcinoma. The aim of this work is to study histological types and grades of esophageal precancerous epithelial lesions. The study included seventy [70] cases of precancerous esophageal lesions diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy, at the pathology department of Gasroenterolgy Center, Mansoura University, in the period between January 1996 and December 2005. Sixty seven [67] cases of esophageal carcinoma, diagnosed by surgical resected specimens, were also studied during the same period to assess the presence or absence of associated precancerous lesions namely Barrett esophagus, squamous or glandular dysplasia. The paraffin blocks were sectioned at 4-5 microns and stained by Haematoxyline and Eosin for diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus, detection of dysplasia and its grades. Alcian blue stain at PH 2.5 was employed for staining of cases of Barrett's esophagus to confirm the diagnosis by staining acid mucins in the Goblet cells. Periodic acid Schiff was used to stain neutral mucins and the brush border of intestinal absorptive cells. Cases with squamous dysplasia were diagnosed and its grades were assessed. In cases of esophageal carcinoma, diagnosis of tumor type using the WHO classification [2000] was done. The presence or absence of associated Barrett esophagus, squamous or glandular dysplasia was evaluated. Results of the endoscopic biopsies: This study included seventy [70] cases of precancerous esophageal lesions. Forty six cases were Barrett's esophagus and twenty four cases were squamous dysplasia. In the 46 cases of Barrett's esophagus, Seven cases [15.23%] showed complete intestinal metaplasia in the form of goblet cells and non secretory absorptive cells and thirty five cases [76.08%] showed incomplete intestinal metaplasia diagnosed by PAS positive mucin in the columner cells. Four cases [8.69%] showed mixture of complete and incomplete intestinal metaplsia. Both Barrett's esophagus and squamous dysplasia showed male predilection as male to female ratio was 1.9:1 and 1.4:1 respectively. The age range for Barrett's esophagus was 23-63 years with a mean age of 45.41 +/- 8.94 For squamous dysplasia, the age ranged from 32 to 65 years with a mean age of 48.88 +/- 12.88. 21 cases of Barrett's esophagus were negative for dysplasia with a percentage of 45.65% while 6 cases were indefinite for dysplasia [13.04%]. Low grade dysplasia was diagnosed in 10 cases [21.73%], high grade dysplasia in 7 cases [15.23%] and intramucosal carcinoma in 2 cases [4.35%]. Nine cases of squamous dysplasia wore of moderate grade [37.50%] while eight cases [33.33%] were of severe grade. Five cases [20.83%] were of mild grade. Carcinoma in situ was diagnosed in two cases. Results of the resected specimens: Squamous cell carcinoma had the highest incidence with a percentage of 53.73% [36 cases], while adenocarcioma represented 38.82% [26 cases] of the total number of cases. 53.85% [14 cases] of the adenocarcinomas in the study were associated with Barrett's esophagus and 46.15% [12 cases] were not. Squamous dysplasia was found in 61.11% [22 cases] of the squamous cell carcinoma cases, while 38.89% [14 cases] of squamous cell carcinoma was not associated with squamous dysplasia. The diagnosis of precancerous Lesions of the esophagus is of utmost importance as cancer esophagus is characterized by poor prognosis but it is curable in its earliest stages. Successful early detection strategies require identification of precancerous lesions that can be targets for screening and treatment

Endoscopic mucosal resection with a ligation device for early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions: comparison of its therapeutic efficacy with surgical resection

Endoscopic mucosal resection with a ligation device (EMR-L) has become important in the curative treatment of precancerous lesions and early gastric cancers (EGCs), but little is known of the long-term efficacy and survival rates of EMR-L compared with surgical resection. We analyzed the therapeutic efficacy and safety of EMR-L in cases of EGC and precancerous lesions and compared the results of EMR-L with those of gastrectomy in patients with EGC over the same periods. EMR-L was performed on 20 EGCs and 54 precancerous lesions including tubular adenomas with or without severe dysplasias in 74 patients. Macroscopic type, size and location of the lesion were determined by endoscope, and the depth of invasion in EGCs was determined by endoscopic ultrasonography and confirmed by pathologic examination of the resected specimens. All the EGC cases were endoscopically followed up for at least 18 months (range, 18-66 months). Patients were selected that underwent subtotal gastrectomy and the survival rates were compared with those that underwent EMR-L. Complete resection was made in a single EMR-L treatment session in 61 cases (82.4%; 91.5%, were precancerous lesions and 65% were EGCs). After a repeat trial of EMR-L, the total rate of complete resection of precancerous lesions and EGCs was 92.6% and 85.0%, respectively. The survival rate of EGCs showed that complete resection by EMR-L resulted in 2 and 5 year survival rates of 100% and 95%, which are comparable to those of surgery (100% and 100%). This study suggests that EMR-L is a technically simple, minimally invasive and highly safe and effective treatment modality for selective EGCs, and offers an alternative to surgical treatment.

Criocirugía en el tratamiento de las lesiones benignas y premalignas del cuello uterino / Cryosurgery in the treatment of benign and premalignant lesions of the cervix

En el Hospital Docente Maternoinfantil "10 de Octubre", desde abril de 1986 a diciembre de 1987, se les realizó tratamiento mediante criocirugía a 237 pacientes, de las cuales se analizan 160 pacientes que tenían una evolución mínima de 6 meses posterior al tratamiento. Sesenta y dos pacientes tenán diagnóstico de neoplasia intraepitelial cervical (NIC) (NIC I en 7 casos (4,4 %), NIC II en 33 casos (20,6 %) y NIC III en 32 casos (20 %)), condilomas en 28 pacientes (17,6 %) y ectopia en 50 casos (31,2 %). La sintomatología al momento del tratamiento es banal y de evolución rápida y espontánea; el 63,1 % de los casos cursó en forma asintomática, asimismo, el 93,2 % de las pacientes no presentó complicación alguna. El período de tiempo para el alta osciló entre 4 y 17 meses, con una media de 7,6 meses. Se estudiaron las historias clínicas de 30 pacientes histerectomizadas y 50 con conización cervical que tenían diagnóstico de NIC, analizando la estadía y costo global del tratamiento y se comparan con los obtenidos en las pacientes tratadas mediante criocirugía; se destaca lo económico de este último

Adenocarcinoma em esôfago de Barret / Adenocarcinoma in Barret's esophagus

O esôfago de Barrett constitui entidade patológica adquirida, na maioria das vezes relacionada com refluxo gatroesofágico. A doença é considerada condiçäo precancerosa, registrando a literatura que em 10% dos casos coexistem displasias epiteliais e/ou adenocarcinomas. A persistência do refluxo parece contribuir para o desenvolvimento do câncer. Por esses motivos persistem dúvidas à cerca da melhor conduta a ser adotada face aos pacientes portadores de esôfago de Barrett. Apresenta-se um caso de esôfago de Barrett associado a adenocarcinoma multifocal e a displasia, cuja peça anatômica cirúrgica, constituida por segmento proximal do estômago e distal do esôfago foi completamente mapeada e estudada do ponto de vista histológico